How is energy balance defined?

The correct understanding of energy balance is defined as the difference between the energy consumed and the energy expended. This balance is crucial for understanding weight management. When energy intake (from food and beverages) exceeds energy expenditure (through basal metabolic processes, physical activity, and digestion), the body stores the excess energy as fat, leading to weight gain. Conversely, if energy expenditure surpasses energy intake, the body will use stored fat for energy, resulting in weight loss. Therefore, defining energy balance as energy consumed minus energy expended accurately reflects the dynamics of weight changes in the body and is a foundational concept in nutrition and fitness.